I was pretty sure there was a bug for this, but I can't find it after a quick search of Arcanist bugs.
With a commit message like
... ` `` [ { blah: "foobar", summary: "Improve styling of standup email", ... }, ... ] ` ``
That is, a code block with a leading summary: line Phabricator parses this as a duplicate 'summary' field and errors out.
A similar issue occurs with any other field (reviewers, jira, etc.) even outside of code blocks (for example when discussing Jira issues in the summary).