Mantis, JIRA and bugzilla, allows to specify very basic thing: component of a product the task is related to.
I tried to add a custom Component field to maniphest: see mycompany:components in https://showoff.phab.io/config/group/maniphest/
I enabled it. It's visible for any task regardless of a project selected. This way per-project components aren't available.
Please correct me if I misconfigured something.