diff --git a/src/lint/engine/ArcanistLintEngine.php b/src/lint/engine/ArcanistLintEngine.php
--- a/src/lint/engine/ArcanistLintEngine.php
+++ b/src/lint/engine/ArcanistLintEngine.php
@@ -212,6 +212,10 @@
       throw new ArcanistNoEffectException('No linters to run.');
     }
 
+    foreach ($linters as $key => $linter) {
+      $linter->setLinterID($key);
+    }
+
     $linters = msort($linters, 'getLinterPriority');
     foreach ($linters as $linter) {
       $linter->setEngine($this);
@@ -249,75 +253,13 @@
 
     $this->cacheVersion = crc32(implode("\n", $versions));
 
-    $this->stopped = array();
-    $exceptions = array();
-    foreach ($linters as $linter_name => $linter) {
-      if (!is_string($linter_name)) {
-        $linter_name = get_class($linter);
-      }
-      try {
-        if (!$linter->canRun()) {
-          continue;
-        }
-        $paths = $linter->getPaths();
-
-        foreach ($paths as $key => $path) {
-          // Make sure each path has a result generated, even if it is empty
-          // (i.e., the file has no lint messages).
-          $result = $this->getResultForPath($path);
-          if (isset($this->stopped[$path])) {
-            unset($paths[$key]);
-          }
-          if (isset($this->cachedResults[$path][$this->cacheVersion])) {
-            $cached_result = $this->cachedResults[$path][$this->cacheVersion];
-
-            $use_cache = $this->shouldUseCache(
-              $linter->getCacheGranularity(),
-              idx($cached_result, 'repository_version'));
+    $runnable = $this->getRunnableLinters($linters);
 
-            if ($use_cache) {
-              unset($paths[$key]);
-
-              if (idx($cached_result, 'stopped') == $linter_name) {
-                $this->stopped[$path] = $linter_name;
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        }
-        $paths = array_values($paths);
-
-        if ($paths) {
-          $profiler = PhutilServiceProfiler::getInstance();
-          $call_id = $profiler->beginServiceCall(array(
-            'type' => 'lint',
-            'linter' => $linter_name,
-            'paths' => $paths,
-          ));
-
-          try {
-            $linter->willLintPaths($paths);
-            foreach ($paths as $path) {
-              $linter->willLintPath($path);
-              $linter->lintPath($path);
-              if ($linter->didStopAllLinters()) {
-                $this->stopped[$path] = $linter_name;
-              }
-            }
-          } catch (Exception $ex) {
-            $profiler->endServiceCall($call_id, array());
-            throw $ex;
-          }
-          $profiler->endServiceCall($call_id, array());
-        }
-
-      } catch (Exception $ex) {
-        $exceptions[$linter_name] = $ex;
-      }
-    }
+    $this->stopped = array();
 
-    $exceptions += $this->didRunLinters($linters);
+    $exceptions = $this->executeLinters($runnable);
 
-    foreach ($linters as $linter) {
+    foreach ($runnable as $linter) {
       foreach ($linter->getLintMessages() as $message) {
         if (!$this->isSeverityEnabled($message->getSeverity())) {
           continue;
@@ -419,33 +361,6 @@
 
   abstract public function buildLinters();
 
-  final protected function didRunLinters(array $linters) {
-    assert_instances_of($linters, 'ArcanistLinter');
-
-    $exceptions = array();
-    $profiler = PhutilServiceProfiler::getInstance();
-
-    foreach ($linters as $linter_name => $linter) {
-      if (!is_string($linter_name)) {
-        $linter_name = get_class($linter);
-      }
-
-      $call_id = $profiler->beginServiceCall(array(
-        'type' => 'lint',
-        'linter' => $linter_name,
-      ));
-
-      try {
-        $linter->didRunLinters();
-      } catch (Exception $ex) {
-        $exceptions[$linter_name] = $ex;
-      }
-      $profiler->endServiceCall($call_id, array());
-    }
-
-    return $exceptions;
-  }
-
   final public function setRepositoryVersion($version) {
     $this->repositoryVersion = $version;
     return $this;
@@ -579,4 +494,161 @@
     return $this;
   }
 
+
+  private function getRunnableLinters(array $linters) {
+    assert_instances_of($linters, 'ArcanistLinter');
+
+    // TODO: The canRun() mechanism is only used by one linter, and just
+    // silently disables the linter. Almost every other linter handles this
+    // by throwing `ArcanistMissingLinterException`. Both mechanisms are not
+    // ideal; linters which can not run should emit a message, get marked as
+    // "skipped", and allow execution to continue. See T7045.
+
+    $runnable = array();
+    foreach ($linters as $key => $linter) {
+      if ($linter->canRun()) {
+        $runnable[$key] = $linter;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return $runnable;
+  }
+
+  private function executeLinters(array $runnable) {
+    $all_paths = $this->getPaths();
+    $path_chunks = array_chunk($all_paths, 32, $preserve_keys = true);
+
+    $exception_lists = array();
+    foreach ($path_chunks as $chunk) {
+      $exception_lists[] = $this->executeLintersOnChunk($runnable, $chunk);
+    }
+
+    return array_mergev($exception_lists);
+  }
+
+
+  private function executeLintersOnChunk(array $runnable, array $path_list) {
+    assert_instances_of($runnable, 'ArcanistLinter');
+
+    $path_map = array_fuse($path_list);
+
+    $exceptions = array();
+    $did_lint = array();
+    foreach ($runnable as $linter) {
+      $linter_id = $linter->getLinterID();
+      $paths = $linter->getPaths();
+
+      foreach ($paths as $key => $path) {
+        // If we aren't running this path in the current chunk of paths,
+        // skip it completely.
+        if (empty($path_map[$path])) {
+          unset($paths[$key]);
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        // Make sure each path has a result generated, even if it is empty
+        // (i.e., the file has no lint messages).
+        $result = $this->getResultForPath($path);
+
+        // If a linter has stopped all other linters for this path, don't
+        // actually run the linter.
+        if (isset($this->stopped[$path])) {
+          unset($paths[$key]);
+          continue;
+        }
+
+        // If we have a cached result for this path, don't actually run the
+        // linter.
+        if (isset($this->cachedResults[$path][$this->cacheVersion])) {
+          $cached_result = $this->cachedResults[$path][$this->cacheVersion];
+
+          $use_cache = $this->shouldUseCache(
+            $linter->getCacheGranularity(),
+            idx($cached_result, 'repository_version'));
+
+          if ($use_cache) {
+            unset($paths[$key]);
+            if (idx($cached_result, 'stopped') == $linter_id) {
+              $this->stopped[$path] = $linter_id;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      $paths = array_values($paths);
+
+      if (!$paths) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      try {
+        $this->executeLinterOnPaths($linter, $paths);
+        $did_lint[] = array($linter, $paths);
+      } catch (Exception $ex) {
+        $exceptions[] = $ex;
+      }
+    }
+
+    foreach ($did_lint as $info) {
+      list($linter, $paths) = $info;
+      try {
+        $this->executeDidLintOnPaths($linter, $paths);
+      } catch (Exception $ex) {
+        $exceptions[] = $ex;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return $exceptions;
+  }
+
+  private function beginLintServiceCall(ArcanistLinter $linter, array $paths) {
+    $profiler = PhutilServiceProfiler::getInstance();
+
+    return $profiler->beginServiceCall(
+      array(
+        'type' => 'lint',
+        'linter' => $linter->getInfoName(),
+        'paths' => $paths,
+      ));
+  }
+
+  private function endLintServiceCall($call_id) {
+    $profiler = PhutilServiceProfiler::getInstance();
+    $profiler->endServiceCall($call_id, array());
+  }
+
+  private function executeLinterOnPaths(ArcanistLinter $linter, array $paths) {
+    $call_id = $this->beginLintServiceCall($linter, $paths);
+
+    try {
+      $linter->willLintPaths($paths);
+      foreach ($paths as $path) {
+        $linter->setActivePath($path);
+        $linter->lintPath($path);
+        if ($linter->didStopAllLinters()) {
+          $this->stopped[$path] = $linter->getLinterID();
+        }
+      }
+    } catch (Exception $ex) {
+      $this->endLintServiceCall($call_id);
+      throw $ex;
+    }
+
+    $this->endLintServiceCall($call_id);
+  }
+
+  private function executeDidLintOnPaths(ArcanistLinter $linter, array $paths) {
+    $call_id = $this->beginLintServiceCall($linter, $paths);
+
+    try {
+      $linter->didLintPaths($paths);
+    } catch (Exception $ex) {
+      $this->endLintServiceCall($call_id);
+      throw $ex;
+    }
+
+    $this->endLintServiceCall($call_id);
+  }
+
+
 }
diff --git a/src/lint/linter/ArcanistBaseXHPASTLinter.php b/src/lint/linter/ArcanistBaseXHPASTLinter.php
--- a/src/lint/linter/ArcanistBaseXHPASTLinter.php
+++ b/src/lint/linter/ArcanistBaseXHPASTLinter.php
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
   private $futures = array();
   private $trees = array();
   private $exceptions = array();
+  private $refcount = array();
 
   final public function getCacheVersion() {
     $parts = array();
@@ -52,6 +53,10 @@
     return $this->getXHPASTLinter()->buildSharedFutures($paths);
   }
 
+  protected function didResolveLinterFutures(array $futures) {
+    $this->getXHPASTLinter()->releaseSharedFutures(array_keys($futures));
+  }
+
 
 /* -(  Sharing Parse Trees  )------------------------------------------------ */
 
@@ -105,11 +110,44 @@
       if (!isset($this->futures[$path])) {
         $this->futures[$path] = PhutilXHPASTBinary::getParserFuture(
           $this->getData($path));
+        $this->refcount[$path] = 1;
+      } else {
+        $this->refcount[$path]++;
       }
     }
     return array_select_keys($this->futures, $paths);
   }
 
+
+  /**
+   * Release futures on this linter which are no longer in use elsewhere.
+   *
+   * @param list<string> Paths to release futures for.
+   * @return void
+   * @task sharing
+   */
+  final protected function releaseSharedFutures(array $paths) {
+    foreach ($paths as $path) {
+      if (empty($this->refcount[$path])) {
+        throw new Exception(
+          pht(
+            'Imbalanced calls to shared futures: each call to '.
+            'buildSharedFutures() for a path must be paired with a call to '.
+            'releaseSharedFutures().'));
+      }
+
+      $this->refcount[$path]--;
+
+      if (!$this->refcount[$path]) {
+        unset($this->refcount[$path]);
+        unset($this->futures[$path]);
+        unset($this->trees[$path]);
+        unset($this->exceptions[$path]);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+
   /**
    * Get a path's tree from the responsible linter.
    *
diff --git a/src/lint/linter/ArcanistCSharpLinter.php b/src/lint/linter/ArcanistCSharpLinter.php
--- a/src/lint/linter/ArcanistCSharpLinter.php
+++ b/src/lint/linter/ArcanistCSharpLinter.php
@@ -182,13 +182,14 @@
     $this->futures = $futures;
   }
 
-  public function didRunLinters() {
+  public function didLintPaths(array $paths) {
     if ($this->futures) {
       $futures = id(new FutureIterator($this->futures))
         ->limit(8);
       foreach ($futures as $future) {
         $this->resolveFuture($future);
       }
+      $this->futures = array();
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/src/lint/linter/ArcanistFutureLinter.php b/src/lint/linter/ArcanistFutureLinter.php
--- a/src/lint/linter/ArcanistFutureLinter.php
+++ b/src/lint/linter/ArcanistFutureLinter.php
@@ -19,15 +19,38 @@
     }
   }
 
-  final public function lintPath($path) {}
-
-  final public function didRunLinters() {
-    if ($this->futures) {
-      foreach ($this->futures as $path => $future) {
-        $this->willLintPath($path);
-        $this->resolveFuture($path, $future);
-      }
+  final public function lintPath($path) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  final public function didLintPaths(array $paths) {
+    if (!$this->futures) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    $map = array();
+    foreach ($this->futures as $path => $future) {
+      $this->setActivePath($path);
+      $this->resolveFuture($path, $future);
+      $map[$path] = $future;
     }
+    $this->futures = array();
+
+    $this->didResolveLinterFutures($map);
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Hook for cleaning up resources.
+   *
+   * This is invoked after a block of futures resolve, and allows linters to
+   * discard or clean up any shared resources they no longer need.
+   *
+   * @param map<string, Future> Map of paths to resolved futures.
+   * @return void
+   */
+  protected function didResolveLinterFutures(array $futures) {
+    return;
   }
 
 }
diff --git a/src/lint/linter/ArcanistLinter.php b/src/lint/linter/ArcanistLinter.php
--- a/src/lint/linter/ArcanistLinter.php
+++ b/src/lint/linter/ArcanistLinter.php
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
  * Implements lint rules, like syntax checks for a specific language.
  *
  * @task info Human Readable Information
+ * @task state Runtime State
+ * @task exec Executing Linters
  * @stable
  */
 abstract class ArcanistLinter {
@@ -13,6 +15,7 @@
   const GRANULARITY_REPOSITORY = 3;
   const GRANULARITY_GLOBAL = 4;
 
+  private $id;
   protected $paths  = array();
   protected $data   = array();
   protected $engine;
@@ -27,6 +30,7 @@
 
 /*  -(  Human Readable Information  )---------------------------------------- */
 
+
   /**
    * Return an optional informative URI where humans can learn more about this
    * linter.
@@ -69,6 +73,163 @@
       get_class($this));
   }
 
+
+/* -(  Runtime State  )------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+
+  /**
+   * @task state
+   */
+  final public function getActivePath() {
+    return $this->activePath;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * @task state
+   */
+  final public function setActivePath($path) {
+    $this->stopAllLinters = false;
+    $this->activePath = $path;
+    return $this;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * @task state
+   */
+  final public function setEngine(ArcanistLintEngine $engine) {
+    $this->engine = $engine;
+    return $this;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * @task state
+   */
+  final protected function getEngine() {
+    return $this->engine;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Set the internal ID for this linter.
+   *
+   * This ID is assigned automatically by the @{class:ArcanistLintEngine}.
+   *
+   * @param string Unique linter ID.
+   * @return this
+   * @task state
+   */
+  final public function setLinterID($id) {
+    $this->id = $id;
+    return $this;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Get the internal ID for this linter.
+   *
+   * Retrieves an internal linter ID managed by the @{class:ArcanistLintEngine}.
+   * This ID is a unique scalar which distinguishes linters in a list.
+   *
+   * @return string Unique linter ID.
+   * @task state
+   */
+  final public function getLinterID() {
+    return $this->id;
+  }
+
+
+/* -(  Executing Linters  )-------------------------------------------------- */
+
+
+  /**
+   * Hook called before a list of paths are linted.
+   *
+   * Parallelizable linters can start multiple requests in parallel here,
+   * to improve performance. They can implement @{method:didLintPaths} to
+   * collect results.
+   *
+   * Linters which are not parallelizable should normally ignore this callback
+   * and implement @{method:lintPath} instead.
+   *
+   * @param list<string> A list of paths to be linted
+   * @return void
+   * @task exec
+   */
+  public function willLintPaths(array $paths) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Hook called for each path to be linted.
+   *
+   * Linters which are not parallelizable can do work here.
+   *
+   * Linters which are parallelizable may want to ignore this callback and
+   * implement @{method:willLintPaths} and @{method:didLintPaths} instead.
+   *
+   * @param string Path to lint.
+   * @return void
+   * @task exec
+   */
+  public function lintPath($path) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Hook called after a list of paths are linted.
+   *
+   * Parallelizable linters can collect results here.
+   *
+   * Linters which are not paralleizable should normally ignore this callback
+   * and implement @{method:lintPath} instead.
+   *
+   * @param list<string> A list of paths which were linted.
+   * @return void
+   * @task exec
+   */
+  public function didLintPaths(array $paths) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Obsolete hook which was invoked before a path was linted.
+   *
+   * WARNING: This is an obsolete hook which is not called. If you maintain
+   * a linter which relies on it, update to use @{method:lintPath} instead.
+   *
+   * @task exec
+   */
+  final public function willLintPath($path) {
+    // TODO: Remove this method after some time. In the meantime, the "final"
+    // will fatal subclasses which implement this hook and point at the API
+    // change so maintainers get fewer surprises.
+    throw new PhutilMethodNotImplementedException();
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+   * Obsolete hook which was invoked after linters ran.
+   *
+   * WARNING: This is an obsolete hook which is not called. If you maintain
+   * a linter which relies on it, update to use @{method:didLintPaths} instead.
+   *
+   * @return void
+   * @task exec
+   */
+  final public function didRunLinters() {
+    // TODO: Remove this method after some time. In the meantime, the "final"
+    // will fatal subclasses which implement this hook and point at the API
+    // change so maintainers get fewer surprises.
+    throw new PhutilMethodNotImplementedException();
+  }
+
+
   public function getLinterPriority() {
     return 1.0;
   }
@@ -86,10 +247,6 @@
     return $this;
   }
 
-  final public function getActivePath() {
-    return $this->activePath;
-  }
-
   final public function getOtherLocation($offset, $path = null) {
     if ($path === null) {
       $path = $this->getActivePath();
@@ -172,19 +329,11 @@
     return $this->data[$path];
   }
 
-  final public function setEngine(ArcanistLintEngine $engine) {
-    $this->engine = $engine;
-    return $this;
-  }
-
-  final protected function getEngine() {
-    return $this->engine;
-  }
-
   public function getCacheVersion() {
     return 0;
   }
 
+
   final public function getLintMessageFullCode($short_code) {
     return $this->getLinterName().$short_code;
   }
@@ -291,30 +440,16 @@
       $replacement);
   }
 
-  public function willLintPath($path) {
-    $this->stopAllLinters = false;
-    $this->activePath = $path;
-  }
-
   public function canRun() {
     return true;
   }
 
-  public function willLintPaths(array $paths) {
-    return;
-  }
-
-  abstract public function lintPath($path);
   abstract public function getLinterName();
 
   public function getVersion() {
     return null;
   }
 
-  public function didRunLinters() {
-    // This is a hook.
-  }
-
   final protected function isCodeEnabled($code) {
     $severity = $this->getLintMessageSeverity($code);
     return $this->getEngine()->isSeverityEnabled($severity);
diff --git a/src/lint/linter/__tests__/ArcanistLinterTestCase.php b/src/lint/linter/__tests__/ArcanistLinterTestCase.php
--- a/src/lint/linter/__tests__/ArcanistLinterTestCase.php
+++ b/src/lint/linter/__tests__/ArcanistLinterTestCase.php
@@ -113,11 +113,12 @@
       $engine = new ArcanistUnitTestableLintEngine();
       $engine->setWorkingCopy($working_copy);
       $engine->setConfigurationManager($configuration_manager);
-      $engine->setPaths(array($path));
 
       $engine->setCommitHookMode(idx($config, 'hook', false));
 
       $path_name = idx($config, 'path', $path);
+      $engine->setPaths(array($path_name));
+
       $linter->addPath($path_name);
       $linter->addData($path_name, $data);
 
@@ -129,7 +130,6 @@
       $engine->addFileData($path_name, $data);
 
       $results = $engine->run();
-
       $this->assertEqual(
         1,
         count($results),